Historical records for monthly electricity generation from RES (2,871 GWh) and fossil gas (2,494 GWh) were recorded in July 2025, while the average wholesale market price stood at 100.6 €/MWh. In the first seven months of 2025, lignite reached a new low (1,739 GWh), covering only 5.2% of demand. In contrast, gas reached a high for the same period (13,405 GWh), as did net exports (963 GWh) and RES curtailments (1,385 GWh).
This analysis concerns electricity production across the entire territory of Greece and is based on the latest available monthly data from the Independent Power Transmission Operator (IPTO) for the interconnected grid (July 2025) and from the Hellenic Electricity Distribution Network Operator (HEDNO) for the non-interconnected islands (April-May-June 2025). In addition, we use the most recent data from HEDNO for low and medium voltage, as well as for the installed capacity of self-production systems (April 2025). Data from the Renewable Energy Special Account bulletin of the Renewable Energy Sources & Guarantees of Origin Operator (DAPEEP) (April 2025) are used to calculate more accurately CHP production at low and medium voltage, as well as for the PV utilization factors needed to estimate self-production. Finally, for the wholesale electricity market we use hourly price data of the Day-Ahead Market from ENTSO-E. You can read in more detail about our methodology here.
The month of July
In July 2025, renewables (mainly wind and solar) ranked first in electricity production, totaling 2,871 GWh, marking an all-time high. Compared to June 2025, the increase was 14% and compared to July last year, they increased by 8%.
Fossil gas ranked second with 2,494 GWh, also recording a decade high. Compared to the previous month, it increased by 22% but is still close to July 2024 levels (2,410 GWh).
Large hydro continued the upward trend that had started in April, reaching 408 GWh. It recorded a 16% increase compared to June, marking a high for this year.
Lignite reached 326 GWh, the third highest production for 2025 after January and February. However, it was 16% below July 2024 levels.
Total domestic demand reached 6,498 GWh, recording a 10-year high and the highest demand for 2025. It was up 27% from June and very close to the demand recorded in July 2024 (6,455 GWh).
In terms of the interconnection balance, Greece maintained an export position in July for the third consecutive month, totaling net exports of -180 GWh, down 17% compared to June.
The average price on the wholesale energy market in July 2025 was 100.6 €/MWh, recording an increase of 18% compared to June, but a decrease of 26% compared to the same month in the previous year. This rise is attributed to higher demand compared to the previous month and the increased use of fossil fuels to meet it. However, the average monthly price remained significantly lower than July 2024 levels (135 €/MWh) thanks to reduced fossil fuel usage (mainly lignite and fossil gas), and an increase in renewable generation.
The first seven months of the year
Comparison of sources
In the first seven months of 2025, RES ranked first in electricity generation, with a total of 15,310 GWh, representing a 2% increase compared to the same period in 2024.
Fossil gas production reached a total of 13,405 GWh, marking a high for the last decade, primarily due to a significant increase in the first two months of the year.
At the same time, Greece recorded a decade high in net exports with 963 GWh.
Oil, with a total of 2,154 GWh for the first seven months, ranked third in electricity generation after RES and fossil gas.
Large hydro and lignite were at similar generation levels, at 1,871 GWh and 1,739 GWh, respectively. Lignite production for the first seven months set a new decade low, while large hydro reached a five-year low. Compared to the first seven months of 2024, lignite fell by 8%, while large hydro decreased by 17%
Shares of sources in meeting demand
Domestic electricity demand in the first seven months of 2025 was 33,526 GWh, up just 0.8% compared to the same period in 2024. However, the increase in domestic electricity generation is noteworthy (from 33,398 GWh in 2024 to 35,223 GWh in 2025, a 5.5% increase).
RES had the largest share in meeting demand with 45.7% and the highest share in the last decade for the first seven months of the year.
Fossil gas came in second, meeting 40% of demand and marking a decade high for the share of demand coverage in the first seven months.
Oil ranked third with a 6.4% share of total demand (and 91% on non-interconnected islands). Large hydro followed with a 5.6% share, and lignite was last with 5.2%, marking a ten-year low for meeting demand in the first seven months of the year.
Changes in the sources of demand coverage
Comparing the first seven months of 2025 with the same period in 2024, fossil gas saw the largest increase at +1,839 GWh. During the same period, the country’s interconnection balance shifted from net imports to net exports, with an increase of +1,364 GWh for the first seven months of the year.
Demand increased by +250 GWh, while RES also saw an increase of +302 GWh, thanks to the growth of the last two months. Oil increased by +3 GWh, mainly due to the increase in July 2025 compared to July 2024.
Large hydro and lignite saw a drop in the first seven months of 2025 compared to the same period in 2024, by -385 GWh and by -146 GWh, respectively.
The significant increase in fossil gas during the first seven months (+1,839 GWh) was primarily driven by the increase in net exports (+1,364 GWh) and secondarily by offsetting declines from large hydro (-384 GWh) and lignite (-146 GWh), along with a slight increase in demand (+250 GWh).
The growth in RES is mainly due to increased PV generation, which offset the decline in wind production in 2025 compared to 2024. Indicatively, production from photovoltaics connected to the high-voltage network was up 1,255 GWh, while wind generation connected to the high-voltage network fell by 925 GWh.
The corresponding percentage changes in the first seven months of 2025, compared to the same period in 2024, were:
Lignite: -7.7 %
Fossil gas: +15.9 %
Renewables: +2.0 %
Large hydro: -17.1 %
Net imports: -340 %
Oil: +0.1 %
Demand: +0.8 %
Comparison of clean energy with fossil fuels
In the first seven months of 2025, the competition between clean energy sources (wind, PV, hydro, biomass, self-generation) and fossil fuels (fossil gas, lignite, oil) for dominance continues. Clean sources generated a total of 17,181 GWh, covering 51.2% of demand. In contrast, fossil fuels produced17,297 GWh, just 116 GWh more than clean sources, covering 51.6% of demand.
Energy curtailment from RES
Based on the combination of forecasts shown in the ISP2 and ISP3 solutions of the consolidated planning process of the IPTO, RES curtailments in July reached 58 GWh, accounting for 2% of the total RES generation and the lowest curtailments since March. In comparison, the corresponding July 2024 curtailments were 32.1 GWh and 1.2% of the respective monthly RES generation.
Most RES curtailments in July occurred between 10am and 3pm, while the day with the highest curtailments was Sunday July 13th, 2025, with a total of 19.35 GWh.
Cumulatively, in the first seven months of 2025, 1,385 GWh or 8.3% of total RES generation was rejected. This is more than double the RES curtailments of the same period in 2024 (585 GWh).
