In 2025, Greece had the highest retail electricity prices in the EU-27 in terms of consumers’ purchasing power and the third highest in nominal prices. At the same time, the more expensive green tariffs continued to dominate the market despite their high cost, while increased fossil gas use kept both wholesale and retail electricity prices at elevated levels.
The new report by The Green Tank, titled “Trends in Greece’s Retail Electricity Market”, analyses the characteristics and trends of Greece’s retail electricity market during the 2024–2025 period, from the introduction of colour-coded tariffs through December 2025, based on official data from RAAEY and Eurostat.
The key findings are summarised as follows:
- Greece has consistently ranked among the most expensive EU-27 countries with regard to energy and supply costs, namely the competitive component of electricity tariffs. In 2025, it was the most expensive country based on purchasing power and the third most expensive in nominal terms.
- On average, green tariffs were 13.3% more expensive than blue tariffs and 27.3% more expensive than yellow tariffs, which were the cheapest option for almost the entire two-year period.
- If all consumers on green tariffs had switched each month to the cheapest yellow tariff, they would have reduced their cumulative electricity spending during 2024–2025 by €1.23 billion.
- Despite their higher cost, green tariffs retained the largest share of residential meters (58% at the end of 2025), although their market share is declining.
- However, consumers leaving green tariffs tended to choose the more expensive blue tariffs instead of the cheaper yellow ones, resulting in the share of blue tariffs nearly quadrupling between August 2024 (7.7%) and December 2025 (27.8%).
- The retail market is characterised by very high concentration, with one dominant supplier consistently maintaining around 70% of residential meters.
- Retail electricity prices showed a strong correlation with wholesale market prices, which remained high due to increased electricity generation from fossil gas.
- During the second half of 2025, the gap between wholesale and retail prices widened significantly, reflecting higher profit margins for suppliers and increased costs for consumers.
- State interventions implemented during 2024–2025 had limited success in reducing household energy costs.
Among other measures, the report recommends reducing fossil gas use and accelerating the deployment of renewables and storage, strengthening oversight of the retail market, developing competitive bi-zonal and dynamic tariffs, speeding up the installation of smart meters, and launching a large-scale consumer awareness campaign.
“Greece’s retail electricity market continues to place an excessive burden on households, while energy poverty remains at very high levels. The data show that the country’s strong dependence on fossil gas, the lack of adequate consumer information, and limited switching between suppliers and tariffs are sustaining an expensive retail market model. Strengthening competition, increasing transparency, and accelerating the transition to a system based on renewables and storage can substantially reduce electricity costs for households and businesses,” said Nikos Mantzaris, Lead Policy Analyst at The Green Tank.
Notes to editors:
- The full report “Trends in Greece’s Retail Electricity Market” is available here.
- Τhe analysis is based on data from RAAEY and Eurostat and covers the period from January 2024 to December 2025.
